Analog-to-Digital Conversion › lesson 39 of 100 · Intermediate

Explain Sigma-Delta ADC Principles

This lesson is part of the Analog-to-Digital Conversion course and will teach the principles of Sigma-Delta ADCs. After this lesson, the learner will be able to explain the principles of Sigma-Delta ADCs and noise shaping.

Sigma-Delta ADCs use noise shaping to achieve high resolution by pushing the noise to higher frequencies.

In a real-world audio application, a Sigma-Delta ADC is used to convert the analog audio signal to a digital signal. This is achieved through the use of oversampling, where the analog signal is sampled at a much higher rate than the Nyquist rate, and noise shaping, where the noise is pushed to higher frequencies. The sigma-delta modulator is the key component in this process, which converts the analog signal to a digital signal and shapes the noise.

The sigma-delta modulator consists of an integrator, a quantizer, and a feedback loop. The integrator integrates the analog signal, and the quantizer converts the integrated signal to a digital signal. The feedback loop then subtracts the digital signal from the integrated signal, which shapes the noise.

The noise shaping process is achieved through the use of a high-pass filter, which pushes the noise to higher frequencies. This allows the Sigma-Delta ADC to achieve high resolution and accuracy, even in the presence of noise.

Mifano

• Audio equipmentSigma-Delta ADCs are commonly used in audio equipment, such as CD players and digital audio workstations.
• Medical devicesSigma-Delta ADCs are used in medical devices, such as ECG and EEG machines, to convert analog signals to digital signals.
• Industrial control systemsSigma-Delta ADCs are used in industrial control systems to convert analog signals from sensors to digital signals.

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